Full Version : Nation-building Strategy: Kurdistan
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Alepou 340MB- 03-27-2007
QUOTE
A Successful Nation-Building Strategy Under Construction in Kurdistan

by Martin Zehr

http://www.opednews.com

There are many peoples in the region of South West Asia that have been relegated to the status of national minorities due to the partitioning of the region after the dismantling of the Ottoman Empire after its defeat in World War One. But, no people have been so systematically abused by the nations in which they inhabited as the Kurds. The Kurdish people have suffered everywhere they have struggled to live within their own historically occupied territory. They have endured the jihad of Ayatollah Khomeini in Iran and the murder of 10,000 Kurds in Iran. They have suffered the Turkish campaign of denial of their national identity, the negating of their political representation. The Turkish military campaigns have resulted in 30,000 civilian casualties and 3,000 Kurdish villages eliminated and 350,000 people displaced. The Kurds have survived the Anfal campaign that resulted in the death of between 50-100,000 Kurdish people and the Halabja poison gassing by the Baathist regime of Saddam Hussein in southern Kurdistan. They endured the massacre of 30 in Qamishli in 2004 by Syrian Baathists.

As the US occupation forces provoke the hands of the sects in the south of Iraq, so too, they have created in their very presence a scenario that is currently unfolding within the areas of Kurdish territory. The Kurdish Regional Government has initiated widespread political action designed to unify the Kurdish people at this time. It is incumbent that this strategy is not based on a presumption that the US will always be in Iraq. US political opposition to the military intervention will continue to limit the time-frame of US presence. At present, the KRG has consolidated the land-base, the government and the national identity of southern Kurdistan. If one were to compare this to the Palestinian struggle, it would have to be admitted that never was there a stage that Palestinian peoples were at that level of national construction. The Israeli model has historically demonstrated the effectiveness of a strategy that begins with these elements of land, self-government and national identity as a foundation.

This is an incredible accomplishment. In the process, there remains many issues that confront the flowering Kurdish nation as its neighbors seek to prevent the consolidation of an independent Kurdistan. Turkey is increasing its attacks on the Kurdish project by attacking the electoral representatives of the Kurdish people in Turkey and making repeated public provocative statements. http://www.guardian.co.uk/turkey/story/0,,2040626,00.html This was met by a statement of Kurdish unity and support from the Kurdish political parties in Turkey- Socialist Party of Kurdistan (PSK), Patriotic Democrat Party of Kurdistan (PWD) and the Democrat Party of Kurdistan (PDK-Bakur). It stated: "In the Middle East far too much blood has been sheded, thousands of Kurdish people has been died, million of Kurds has been taken away from their motherland. In spite of those sorrows Kurdish Leaderships and Kurdish powers have tried to be supporter of the Dialogue and Peace. But, clearly Turkish Government, invites to a major battle for the sake of its racist benefits.....Anyway, our political parties are ready to support their brothers in South Kurdistan against all probable threats and attacks of Turkish Government, with their all power and potential." http://kurdistanobserver.servehttp.com/jan...n-of-unity.html

Iranian troops have attacked Kurdish forces in the past, while at the same time negotiating economic agreements with the Kurdish Regional Government. There is reason to believe that the Iranians would not oppose a partitioning of Iraq after the US withdrawal. On the other hand, they could very well ally with Turkey and seek to prevent any establishment of a Kurdish territorial base area from which to build its own nation. In this regard, the US is in a similar position because while they are in Iraq the Kurdish support is important to them. When they withdraw from Iraq it will not mean anything to them. Israel, on the other hand, stands to gain from the reconfiguration of South West Asia. Whether this will have any significant influence on US policy remains to be seen.

The current neo-con analysis of the Kurdish situation is negative and pre-occupied with the presence of the PKK in southern Kurdistan. A recent article in the Middle East Forum by Michael Rubin was particular focused on attempting to divide the Kurdish political and national forces in the territory under the jurisdiction of the Kurdish Regional Government. http://www.kurdmedia.com/articles.asp?id=14210 The article was vehemently opposed by a cross-section of Kurdish political opinion. The experience of the Kurdish people after the Persian Gulf war should never be forgotten in the context of defining a winnable strategy for the national construction of Kurdistan. Never should the Kurdish people empower the US to the extent that it puts its own welfare and peoples' safety in jeopardy solely for US political gain. At the same time, it is incumbent upon Kurdish governmental authorities to maximize the current window of opportunity under US occupation to increase their freedom of action and consolidate their national sovereignty. The formulation of economic and political agreements, technical assistance, and government-to-government interactions have already begun. This is one reason for the current Turkish provocations against the Kurds in Turkey and their threats against "the PKK" in southern Kurdistan. Those same Kurdish forces in Turkey that united on a Unity Declaration also wisely advised: "In this way, we are calling out to PKK, to be far away from actions and operations which are handicaps and obstacles for the Leadership of South Kurdistan Region." http://kurdistanobserver.servehttp.com/jan...n-of-unity.html

Politically, within the US, it is vital for Kurdish national groups to speak to Democrats and Republicans to promote the Kirkuk Referendum, promote aid to the Kurdish Regional Government, and to pressure Turkey to withhold its military activity against the peoples and organizations in southern Kurdistan. Public education is needed so that the people of the US can see a visible face of the Kurdish people, as they did recently on the CBS television show, '60 Minutes'. Actions by governmental bodies and within the United Nations need to stress the historically-defined and indigenous character of the Kurdish people. Increasing American public awareness of the Kurdish peoples struggle will create a climate in which this issue can begin to be recognized as a distinct political issue in the resolution of the Iraqi military campaign.

There is presently a great and an historic opportunity for the Kurdish people. As history unfolds the leadership of the Kurdish people will be greatly tested in its ability to endure in its efforts to establish national independence. Past history has demonstrated the ability of a people to be successful as to promote democratic institutions in so doing. The window of opportunity remains open. L'audace, toujours l'audace.

Martin Zehr is an American political writer whose articles on the Kurds have been printed by the Kurdish Regional Government, http://www.moera-krg.org/articles/detail.a...r=12121&rnr=140 as well as are posted on other Kurdish political news forums, such as Kurdishmedia.com http://www.kurdmedia.com/articles.asp?id=14210

http://www.opednews.com/articles/genera_ma...ful_nation_.htm

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Dirii- 04-12-2007
President BarzanĂ® is giving "nation building" a whole new face lift! greekturkish/laugh.gif

Alepou 340MB- 04-17-2007
QUOTE
Ambitions of Iraqi Kurds Worry Turkey

Wednesday April 18, 2007 12:46 AM

By ROBERT H. REID

Associated Press Writer

AMMAN, Jordan (AP) - Recent political gains by Iraqi Kurds are raising alarms in neighboring Turkey and increasing the risk of greater instability in Iraq's oil-rich north.

The moves - among the most significant involving Kurds since the 2003 invasion of Iraq - have been largely overshadowed by the struggle to curb violence around Baghdad, but they could have a strong impact on Iraq's future, including whether it remains a united country.

Kurdish boldness also comes at a critical time for Turkey, which is facing a growing threat in its own Kurdish region from separatist guerrillas raiding out of northern Iraq and has a presidential election coming up that could aggravate tensions between Islamist and secular Turks.

The fallout already has shaken relations between the United States and Turkey, a longtime ally increasingly frustrated that the overstretched American military in Iraq cannot crack down on Kurdish guerrillas.

That has the United States in a bind - ``unwilling to open a new front in northern Iraq. Nor can it afford to lose its support from Iraq's Kurdish population,'' said Dr. Andrew McGregor, a security analyst and Kurdish expert in Canada, writing on the Web site of the Jamestown Foundation, a conservative think tank.

At the center of the fight are Kurdish aspirations for the ancient city of Kirkuk, the center of Iraq's northern oilfields.

The Kurds want to incorporate Kirkuk into their self-governing region in northern Iraq. They won a major concession in March when they pressured the government of Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki into approving plans to move thousands of Arabs out of Kirkuk and resettle them elsewhere.

The program targets Arabs who moved to Kirkuk after July 14, 1968, when Saddam Hussein's party took power. Saddam sent thousands of Arabs, many of them impoverished Shiite Muslims from the south, into Kirkuk to dilute the Kurdish presence there.

The Kurds' aim is to reduce the Arab population of the city before Kirkuk residents vote later this year whether to join the Kurdish self-governing region.

Opponents hope to delay the referendum or cancel it altogether. They fear that gaining control of Kirkuk would lead the Kurds, who make up 15 percent to 20 percent of Iraq's population, to set up an independent country entirely.

Nevertheless, the opponents within al-Maliki's administration caved in after the Kurds threatened to resign from the Cabinet - a move that would have spelled the end of the fragile, U.S.-backed governing coalition.

``For the Kurds, Kirkuk is nonnegotiable,'' said Dr. Soner Cagaptay of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. ``Violence will only continue and spike toward the referendum.''

The Kurds used similar hardball tactics in February to win concessions granting them a major say in what companies are granted rights to exploit Iraqi oilfields in Kurdish-controlled areas.

But the March decision on relocation was even bigger, sending shock waves into neighboring Turkey, which has long feared the rising stature of Iraqi Kurds will further embolden Kurdish guerrillas fighting for self-rule in southeastern Turkey.

The insurgent Kurdistan Workers Party, or PKK, use bases in northern Iraq to launch attacks into southern Turkey, and Turkey is growing angry over the failure of U.S. and Iraqi forces to curb the attacks.

After the Iraqi Cabinet's decision to relocate Arabs from Kirkuk, Turkey warned publicly that its interests in the region cannot be ignored.

The hardline head of Turkey's military, Gen. Yasar Buyukanit, went further, requesting permission last week to attack Kurdish guerrillas inside Iraq. Turkey's government isn't likely to approve, but the request alone has strained relations between Ankara and Washington.

The president of Iraq's Kurdish self-governing region, Massoud Barzani, further angered Turkish leaders by warning that Kurds ``will not let the Turks intervene in Kirkuk.''

Some analysts believe Barzani pushed for the Arab relocation plan because he fears the U.S. might block the referendum on Kirkuk's status, both to ease ethnic tensions and placate Turkey.

``He's trying to create a sense of inevitability that would make it impossible for the (U.S.) administration'' to stand in the Kurds' way on Kirkuk, said Mark Parris, a former U.S. ambassador to Turkey.

Barzani also may have timed his move to exploit political uncertainty in Turkey, as the Islamic-leaning prime minister seeks to be president, raising fears of serious friction with the secular-minded Turkish military.

Barzani also may be using the PKK guerrillas as leverage in exchange for Turkey's acceptance of a Kurdish-controlled Kirkuk.

``The one card (Barzani) has to deal with the Turks is the PKK,'' Parris said. ``He could tell them, 'Don't forget, I'm the only guy who can solve your PKK problem.'''

---

Robert H. Reid is correspondent-at-large for The Associated Press based in Amman, Jordan, and has reported from the Middle East frequently since 1978.

http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/stor...6565886,00.html

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Dirii- 04-19-2007
No kidding... greekturkish/laugh.gif

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